House Pictures
Greene County, Arkansas
Wiley
Crowley
House Pictures
THE BENJAMIN CROWLEY II FAMILY
Benjamin Crowley
II was born in 1758 in Halifax County, Virginia. His
parents were Benjamin Crowley I and Sarah Strong. Little
is known about Benjamin prior to December 15, 1795 when he married Catherine
“Annie” Wiley in Oglethorpe County, Georgia.
It is known after his marriage that he moved to Kentucky, and stayed there for a
number of years. He lived in Christian and
Henderson Counties. It was while residing in
Kentucky that he served in some capacity in the War
of 1812. For this service rendered, he
received a Land Bounty.
The New Madrid Earth
Quake of 1811 devastated the land he was granted. So
he moved to Arkansas and bought a tract of land in Lawrence County from Solomon Hewitt. He stayed in Lawrence County until about 1820/1. It was then that he traveled south along a ridge
into what is now Greene County. He found a
suitable spot, and laid claim to the area. This
ridge would later bear his name. His old home
site would later be a State Park in his honor.
Benjamin and Catherine
had the following children: (born in Oglethorpe County, Georgia) Thomas Crowley (18 Mar
1796-bef 1829) who married Cynthia Campbell; Samuel Crowley (28 Feb 1798-13 Mar 1837) who
married Sarah Lamb and Sarah Hutchins; John Crowley (28 Feb 1800-1816). (Children born in Kentucky) Wiley Crowley (27 Mar
1805-abt 1847) who married Lucy Capps; Polly Crowley (5 Apr 1805-abt 1841) who married
Abraham Pevehouse; Benjamin Crowley III (1 Nov 1807-bef 1830) who died building a military
road; Margaret Crowley (15 May 1810-?) who married Charles Robertson and John McDaniel;
Sarah Crowley (1812-?) who married Thomas Lamb.
In 1797, Benjamin
Crowley is on “List of Insolvents Living within the Indian Boundary of the Year
1797” which the County Court of Grainger, Tennessee released the sheriff from
collecting. In 1800 Benjamin was back in
Georgia. In 1805, Benjamin was in the Georgia
Land Lottery. (This may have been his father) In 1810, Benjamin was living in Christian County,
Kentucky next door to his brother-in-law, Matthew Wiley.
By 1815, Benjamin is in Lawrence County, Arkansas. June 26, 1816, Benjamin was granted a letter of
administration in the estate of John Crowley “upon giving bond and security in the
sum of $2500.” This John was his son.
In 1817, his father
died, leaving him one dollar. The next year,
on 6 July 1818, Benjamin served as a juror in the case of William Lackey who was charged
with larceny. The same day, a writ of
certiorari was executed setting aside the findings of an inferior court involving a suit
between Benjamin Crowley vs. Benedict White. On
the following day, July 9th, the court found for Crowley awarding him “six
dollars and seventy-nine and one-half cents damages together with his costs and charges by
him about his suit in his behalf expended the defendant in mercy go.”
On the 12th
of October 1819 Benjamin Crowley purchased land from Solomon Hewitt for $200 on the Spring
River about two miles above the mouth of the Elevenpoint River, on the North side of said
Spring River where Benjamin was currently living. In
1821 he moved to and founded Crowley’s Ridge. In
1832 he founded the Post Office for Greene County, which was formed in 1833. On 16 August
1838, Benjamin Crowley had 80 acres bounty land, his son, Wiley, had 40 acres.
Benjamin died about 1842, and is buried at the Pioneer Cemetery, called Shiloh Cemetery, which is just up the hill from where his house was located. His wife died on 13th November 1850 and is buried in the cemetery as well. According to the oldest residents of Greene County, when asked in the early 1900s, below are the following people buried in Shiloh:
Benjamin Crowley & wife Catherine Wiley
Samuel Crowley (Son of above)
Larkin Wiley & wife, daughter and son (possibly nephew of Catherine)
Mr. Pevehouse and wife Polly Crowley (daughter of Ben and Catherine)
P.K. Luster’s child
Jake Sutfin and wife Sarah Pevehouse (their daughter married Ben and Catherine’s grandson)
There are others
buried in the cemetery as well, but they are no relation to Ben and Catherine. They were other early pioneers of the area. The state park claims that Wiley Crowley,
Ben’s son is also buried there, but the writer believes that Wiley is buried in the
cemetery that is behind where his house stood.
Benjamin Crowley’s estate was sold at auction, and stayed out of the family until His grandson, Benjamin H. Crowley bought it back in the 1870s. It should be noted, that Benjamin’s slave James “Jim” (later bought by Hanover Company and known as James Hanover) helped build the Crowley homes on the Ridge. James was the first black justice of the peace. The Klu Klux Klan killed him in 1868.
Sources: Greene County Historical and Genealogical Society
Writings of Benjamin H Crowley and Lucian G Crowley
Marriage records of Oglethorpe County Georgia
Tax Lists of Kentucky, Georgia and Arkansas
Goodspeed’s History of Greene County, Arkansas
Personal Knowledge
Barbara Fitzwater
Compiled by Grant A Van Vranken 24 Feb 2002
THE WILEY CROWLEY FAMILY
According to Benjamin H. Crowley, Wiley Crowley was born the 27th of March 1803 in Kentucky. He married a Ms. Lucy Capps (or Copps) and had five children: John Thomas Crowley, who died in the Civil War. According to Benjamin H. Crowley he was a member of the 5th Arkansas regiment, and was captured in Tennessee, and later died of small pox. He was held as a prisoner of war at Rock Island. They also had a son named William Crowley who died in Greene County, Arkansas in 1859. Their daughter Cynthia died in her childhood. Elizabeth Jane Crowley died in Greene County, Arkansas in 1880. Samuel Jefferson Crowley was their last child.
Little is known about Wiley’s early life. He was the fourth son of Benjamin Crowley II. Benjamin was an industrious man who was born in Virginia in 1758 to Benjamin Crowley I and his wife Sara Strong. Benjamin Jr. married a Ms Catherine “Annie” Wiley the 15th of Dec 1795 at Oglethorpe County, Georgia. She was the daughter of Peter Wiley and Mary Sharkey. It is known that Benjamin the younger was, like his forbearers, a man of many talents. He dabbled in horse breeding, no doubt from his father’s side of the family, as his grandfather, Jeffrey Crowley, owned his own race track and bred horses. He also raised Cattle, and we believe at one time raised peaches for brandy, just as his grandfather had done. What we do know of Benjamin is that he served in some capacity in the War of 1812, as he received land for his service. We also know that the original land he was to claim was devastated by the New Madrid Earthquake. He then picked land in Northeast Arkansas. Little did he know, but the ridge he was to lay claim to would one day bear his name forever. It was in his home that the first court was held, and under his trees that the first jury would deliberate under. The first post office and church were also started in his home.
The mentions we do have of Wiley Crowley are mainly tax lists. We find Wiley in Lawrence County, Arkansas in 1829 through 1834. We then find him in Greene County, Arkansas from 1834 to 1841. In 1837, also in Greene County he was noted as being an administrator, yet for whom escapes us. We know he did not live to be very old, as he died no sooner than January of 1846 and no later than the year 1850 when his wife shows up on a census remarried. The earliest record I have found to date on Wiley Crowley is his being a witness to his brother, Samuel Crowley’s marriage to Sarah Hutchins, the 28th of February 1823, in Lawrence County, Arkansas.
Back to Wiley’s children, little is known about three of them, John Thomas, William and Cynthia. It is assumed that there was no issue left from them. We do however know quite a lot about Elizabeth Jane and Samuel Jefferson. Elizabeth Jane Crowley was born the 5th of July 1836 in Greene County, Arkansas and died around the 19th of May 1880 most likely in the very house she was born in. It is known that Elizabeth married her first cousin, Benjamin H. Crowley around 1857. Benjamin H being the son of Samuel Crowley and Sarah Hutchins.
They had ten children together. They are: William H (1858-1860), Lucy J (1860-1873), Ann M (1863-1875), Victoria Victorine (1867-?), John F (1868-1875), Syntha A (1870-1942), Benjamin S (1872-1873), Lucian G (1875-1958), Belle (1878-?), and Benjamin H or Benona H (1880-?). Elizabeth died shortly after her last child was delivered. Benjamin H Crowley, like his grandfather was a man of many parts. Throughout his life he held many different positions. These include rising through the ranks in the CSA from being a body guard to Gen. Benjamin McCulloch, to being a 1st Lieutenant in General Hidman’s Command, to being the Captain of General Fagan’s bodyguard. He then was appointed as Colonel of Arkansas’ militia by the order of Governor Garland. Later he was appointed as the Brigadier General of Arkansas’ troops. His civilian life was even more impressive. He was a farmer, school teacher, lawyer, legislator, senator, delegate to Arkansas’ Constitutional Conventions, he was a Scottish Rite Mason, and perhaps one of his highest honors was being appointed Receiver of the land and appraiser of government land at Little Rock, by appointment of President Grover Cleveland. He was later appointed as appraiser of government lands at Hot Springs, by the Secretary of the Interior, Hoke Smith. He also served as the postmaster of Crowley, in the steps of his grandfather, who was the first postmaster of the county.
I go into so much detail about Benjamin H so much as to show the reader how truly industrious and hardworking this man was, just like the rest of the early Crowleys. Anyone who is related to this family should understand that in their own little ways they helped shape this country. Wiley Crowley’s own great uncle was the first man to die in the Revolutionary War, in 1774. Wiley’s grandfather may have served in the Revolutionary War, but we cannot be sure. We do know he donated supplies and that he had earlier served in the French and Indian War.
Back to
Wiley Crowley… He is kind of a mystery. What we know of him personally comes from his
nephew, and son-in-law, Benjamin H Crowley. Benjamin
H tells us this about Wiley: “... He
also recalls the first of boots he ever had and it was a happy epoch in his life. His Uncle, Wiley Crowley, was his guardian and
took a load of beef cattle to the New Orleans market, and when he returned home he had
brought the writer a pair of red-top boots and they were the envy and admiration of the
whole county.... The first brick kiln in
Greene County was put and operated by Wiley Crowley on his place, which belongs to the
writer. The manner of making then was
different from what it now is. First the
ground had to be cleared, prepared, by mixing the proper amount of clay and sand. Water
was then poured on the material and several yoke of oxen were driven in on the yard, and
made to tramp the clay and dirt to the right consistency and mix it ready for
brick-mounds. The bricks were then burned and
were ready for use. They were built into two
good chimneys, and are perfectly sound. They
are larger than the standard size brick as now manufactured.
The old house, which Wiley Crowley
built as a home for himself and family about the year 1840, is still standing. It was
built of large hewed pine logs, and these lay just as they were placed by the neighbors,
over half a century ago. The logs were cut and hewed by old Zacharia Hampton, father of
the late Nimrod Hampton and of Mrs. Lucy Willcockson, widow of Capt. I.P. Willcockson. It
is claimed that at the raising of this house that every man in Greene county was present
and assisted in the erection of the building. The day for the raising had been set in
advance, and word sent around to the different settlements. Those who went from the remote
parts of the county had to depart the day before and some reached the home of Wiley
Crowley late at night on the same day. Others reached points nearby and remained in camp
or put up at the house of some neighbor overnight. After assisting in raising the big log
house, they started home, and went as far as they could before night over-took them and
traveled the remainder of the way the next day. So, it took some of the neighbors three
days to help the old man Crowley raise his house. This service was all rendered free of
charge, and the writer submits that no such neighborly relations ever existed between men
in any other section of the country. The writer remembers having come from near Walcott to
the Old Bethel neighborhood to take part in a log rolling, when some neighbor way trying
to clear a piece of new ground.
There was not then such a thing in the country as a sawmill, but the people
had what they called a whipsaw, which operated up and down, instead of horizontal as the
crosscut saw. The log which was to be cut into lumber was put up on a scaffold, six or
eight feet from the ground, and one man got up on the log to lift the saw and guide it
straight, while another man stood directly under the saw and drew it down with force
through the log. This last man did all the real labor and his job was somewhat harder than
splitting rails with maul and wedge. Some good lumber was made in this slow and laborious
manner, and there is plank in the Wiley Crowley house today cut by the whip-saw method,
and it is still in a good state of preservation.” Thus
Ends the line of Wiley’s daughter Elizabeth.
Jefferson, as he was called, first appears in the 1850 Greene County census living in the home of his mother and stepfather, Thomas J Mellon. In 1860 Jefferson is 14 and still living with his mother while attending school. Lucy is a widow for the second time. Her real estate is worth $318 and her Personal Estate is worth $330. Living near them is Benjamin H. Crowley and his wife Elizabeth Jane Crowley and their two young children. By 1870, Jefferson is married and building a water mill. His personal estate is valued at $150. His wife is Nancy Jane Sutfin, Nancy being the daughter of Jacob “Jake” Sutfin and Sarah Pevehouse. Jefferson and Nancy had six or seven children. There is a child attributed to them that no one can account for (This child was Benjamin).
Their children were: William Thomas (1868-1939), Wiley Jasper (1870-aft 1888), John Louis (1874-1943), James Benjamin (1875-abt 1903), Lucy Virginia (1879-1919), and Sarah Jane (1882-1968). Nancy Jane Sutfin Crowley died in September of 1889. I believe that the younger children of Jefferson and Nancy were raised by their grandmother, Lucy (Capps Crowley) Mellon. Unfortunately I have heard nothing on this subject.
It is not known what
Jefferson died of, or that of his father. At
the time of his death, Jefferson’s estate consisted of 2 head of mules, 1 wagon and
harness, 12 head of cattle and 18 head of hogs. This
amounted to $267. Therefore, his wife was
entitled to his entire estate. What it fails
to mention is his land. According to William
Thomas Crowley’s daughter, he inherited a farm from his father. This land may have been entrusted to the
grandmother, Lucy Mellon, so that it would not have to be sold at Jefferson’s death. In those days, if the value of the husband’s
property were to exceed $300, the wife was not entitled to all of it, and it may have lead
to a public auction. Below are some images of
Jefferson Crowley and his family:
One of the most interesting and mysterious people in the Wiley Crowley family is his wife, Lucy Capps/Copps. She was born about 1814 in Tennessee. According to her grandson, Lucian G. Crowley, she was the sister of Nimrod Capps, who also married a Crowley relative. It is said that she had some Cherokee in her, as her descendants had some very distinctive traits. Sarah Turpin, her granddaughter told her children that she was Native American. Lucy remarried soon after Wiley’s death to a Thomas J. Mellon. He was quite a character according to her son-in-law, Benjamin H. Crowley.
He was at one time a partner in a venture that acquisitioned land. They at one time owned some fifty thousand acres. Dr Mellon died in 1862, but they had separated in 1860, when Lucy is listed as widowed or divorced. We then find Lucy in 1866 on a tax list. On this list she had 80 acres, 2 horses and 11 cattle. She then disappears until the 12th of March 1886 when she writes her will. In it she names her heirs as the grandchildren she has by her deceased children, Elizabeth J. Crowley and Samuel J. Crowley. She wills that five dollars be given to each of her grandchildren, 12 in total. After that money was to be paid, any left over money or land was to be equally divided amongst the children of Samuel J. Crowley. She makes sure to mention that Benjamin H. Crowley, her former son-in-law had received more than half of her estate already.
Then, in 1887 she sues Benjamin H. Crowley for com in equity. She sued Benjamin H. Crowley, A.M. Davis and H.W. Glasscock for the mishandling of funds relating to her husband’s estate. Apparently there were several notes owed to Dr Mellon by a man named P.K. Lester. B.H. Crowley sued P.K. Lester, and recovered $3,000. Lucy sued on the premise that there was much more money belonging to her husband’s estate than what B.H. Crowley had said. Mr. Davis and Glasscock were B.H. Crowley’s sureties on his Administrator’s bond, so they were held liable for the settlement as well. She ended up winning and started to collect on her settlement of $1789.55. The terms were settled in 27 Apr 1887, through the Supreme Court of Arkansas. Lucy was entitled to $3000, as her dower right in ½ the personal estate of her late husband. After all the deductions for court costs and attorney fees, she was entitled to $1230 dollars at the rate of six percent per annum starting the 8th September 1879, which comes out to $1789.55. After that, there is no mention of her. Her will was not even recorded in the Court House. There is no mention of her will ever being probated. She died in the fall of 1891. She is buried alongside her son, Samuel Jefferson Crowley at Warren’s Chapel Cemetery. She is within sight of the hill where her home stood.
Thus ends the exploration into the family
of Wiley Crowley. Some day, we may know more
about these people. But for now, this must
suffice.
Grant A. Van Vranken
References: History of Greene County, by Benjamin H. Crowley 1906-1907
Census and Tax Lists of Lawrence and Greene County
Will of Lucy Mellon & Probate records of T.J. Mellon
Lucy Capps vs. B.H. Crowley
Various old GCHS issues, and newspaper clippings.
Probate Record of Samuel J. Crowley
Court Records of Lucy Capps Crowley Mellon
Donated by: Grant Van Vranken
Grant A. Van Vranken, IBSSG
www.geocities.com/gvanvranken
http://blacksheep.rootsweb.com
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