Federal Census Records

Woodruff County was created in 1862 so, before 1870, Woodruff is included in the census records for St Francis or Jackson counties. Census indices can now be searched at no charge at FamilySearch.org and the images can be viewed if you have a free account.
The 1870 Federal Census added to the 1850 and '60, columns with born within the year (asking for the month), whether parents were foreign-born and two questions about men over 20 (voting information). Folks with a free account can search and view this census at the LDS Online Library at FamilySearch.org.
The 1880 census for Woodruff County is the first census to include relationships. The index to this census is available to everyone with a free account at the LDS on-line library at FamilySearch.org
The 1890 Federal Census was destroyed in a fire before it was copied.
The 1900 census is the first that asked for number of years married, number of children borne by females and number of living children. The index to this census is available to everyone with a free account at the LDS on-line library.
The 1910 Federal Census for Woodruff County included 472 pages spread over 11 Townships, 11 EDs. Augusta was overwhelmingly the largest with 3 EDs and 178 pages. This is the second census that asked for number of years married, number of children borne by females and number of living children. The index to this census is available to everyone with a free account at the LDS on-line library.
Thanks to Angela Caperton Cornell for the 1910 Census Data Project!
The tables are very wide and you may need to scroll right to read everything.
The 1920 Federal County census was enumerated in January and many families were missed, likely due to weather. It offers very little in the way of extra information except for the names of the roads on which the people lived. The index to this census is available to everyone with a free account at the LDS on-line library.
The 1930 census offers addresses for folks in town, age at first marriage and veteran status. The index to this census is available to everyone with a free account at the LDS on-line library.
The 1940 Federal Census offers addresses for folks in town, education level, residence in 1935, employment status and total income for 1939. The index to this census is available to everyone with a free account at the LDS on-line library.