History of Ambrose Harnage
(before he moves to Arkansas.)
--he was married to his 1/2 Cherokee wife
Nancy "Nannie" Sanders Harlan. They lived in Cherokee Nation
in GA.
Donated by: <Hisdogbo@aol.com >
IS AMBROSE HARNAGE FROM COLUMBIA CO. GA. OR ENGLAND OR SCOTLAND?
Some on the internet say
Ambrose born in Georgia, England or Scotland and some say Ambrose was
an orphan son of Isaac (See further information)
Most of the people related to Ambrose & his 1st wife say Ambrose
was born 1790 in England
IS ISAAC HARNAGE AMBROSE'S FATHER?--
1805 Georgia Land Lotteries F285 W6 by Virginia Wood shows AMBROSE
HARNAGE (orphan of Isaac) drew a blank
for land lottery--Columbia Co. His ID# 415--Could this
be our Ambrose Harnage
GEORGIA GENEALOGY FOR HARNAGE
Fact 1 Ambrose Harnage m. Nancy Sanders Harnage abt. 1810 in
Cherokee Co. GA
Debra Schafer said book Home Hearth vo. 1 First Court House
in Cherokee Co says AMBROSE married in 1810 in
Cherokee Territory, Georgia (now Tate County) Nancy "Nannie"
Sanders Harlan . who had 1st been married to George
Harlan & had 5 children with George Harlan. Nancy Sanders
was 1/2 Cherokee, a daughter of Michael Mitchell Sanders
( an Englishman) b. 1751 in England & Susannah, a Cherokee of the
Bird Clan from Talking Rock. This source said
Nancy was born in Cherokee Territory GA (now Tate Co) but Ronald Jackson
says Nancy "Nannie" was born in
Hiawasee Cherokee Nation, East, TN. Bill Hamm (deceased) l said
Nancy's last child by her 1st husband George
Harlan was born 4 May 1804 in TN. So this places Nancy Sanders
Harlan in Tennessee in 1804 but in 1810 she
meets AMBROSE HARNAGE in Cherokee Co. GA.
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Fact 2 Ambrose Harnage and Nancy Sanders Harnage had 5 children:
(1). William Harnage b. 5 June 1811 Cherokee Nation, East;
D. Westville, OK 15 July 1886
m. Sugar Hill, AR
Washington Co. Martha (Patsy) Snow b. abt. 1815, Arkansas.
(2) George W. Harnage b. 1814 Cherokee nation, East; d.
1874 Smith Co. Texas m.
Nancy Mayfield
(3) John Griffith Harnage b. 16 Jan 1817 Cherokee Nation,
East; d. 12 Jan 1891 Tahlequah
district,
Cherokee Nation, Indian Territory, Oklahoma (buried Tahlequah City
Cemetery) m. Ruth Starr
(their 1st child was born in 1839 & died 1843)- 2nd
marriage to Emily Walker Mayfield (sister to Nancy
Mayfield who was George
Harnage's wife) He had 2 children by Ruth and 8 more with Emily.
(4) Andrew Jackson Harnage b. 20 Jun 1818 Cherokee nation,
East; d. 27 May 1847
Smith Co. Texas- -buried Asbury Cemetery, Smith Co. Texas
(5) Elizabeth Harnage b. 20 Aug 1820 Cherokee nation, East;
d. 27 May 1847 m. John
Adair Bell
(Elizabeth's father, Ambrose Harnage, sold his land in
Washington Co. Arkansas to John A. Bell--no doubt this is the John
A. Bell that
was listed)
Her mother had died and Ambrose was married to Ann E.
Washington Harnage at the time
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Fact 3 -- Ambrose Harnage may have had a brother Jacob Harnage.
Both Jacob & Ambrose are listed in the TREATY
OF MAY 6, 1828. This Jacob married Jennie Timpson & had son
Jacob Harnage Jr.
Listing of Cherokee emigrants. Included are Ambrose Harnage
& Jacob Harnage
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Fact 4--1828-Lawsuit to recover certain Negroes-- From: REDSKI9136@aol.com
Case# 163 11/12/1828
Edward Adair vs Ambrose Harnage to recover certain Negroes; for defendant
witnesses: Samuel Candy (16 days -$12);
John Wright (10 days- $7.50); Nancy Talley (11
days-$8.25); James Brown (7 days-$5.25); Thomas Pettit (12 days-$9);
William
Hicks (6 days-$4.50); Nancy Hicks (15 days-$11.25); Dr. Murry (7 days-$5.25);
case stayed 6 months 11/13/1828 W.S
.Adair, security; execution issued & delivered to Joseph M. Lynch,
Mars
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Fact 5-- The above Jacob Harnage had a son Jacob Harnage Jr. who married
Sally Harlan, who was a stepdaughter of
Ambrose Harnage because Sallie's parents were Nancy Sanders Harlan
& George Harlan .(not positive Jacob Harnage
Sr. is Ambrose's brother??
CHEROKEE EMIGRATION ROLLS 1817-1835 by Jack Baker Call # NC 9l29.3
AA67 B16 found in Guilford Co.
Library N.C.--Greensboro N.C. lists
Nov 3 1829 Jacob Harnage--number in family 1 Residence--Savannah, Georgia
(Is this Jacob Sr. who later m. Jennie Timpson (Indian) or
son Jacob Harnage Jr. who m. Sallie Harlan (daug of George
Harlan & Nancy Sanders--stepdaughter to Ambrose --as Sallie parents
were Nancy Sanders & her 1st husband George Harlan.
We whose names are hereunto subscribed do acknowledge that we have
voluntarily enrolled ourselves as emigrants for
the Arkansas Country under the treaty made between the United States
& the Cherokees of Arkansas on the 6th of May
1828 & do hereby relinquish to the United States all right and
claim to our lands on the East for lands on the West of the
river Mississippi, the United States agreeing to pay us for our improvements
and transport us to that country, furnish us
provisions by the way and for one year after our arrival, & give
each warrior a rifle gun & the other articles agreeably
to the provisions of said
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Fact 6-- Ambrose Harnage was listed as having 5 children, that he was
a farmer Book-- Whites Among The
Cherokees--Georgia 1831:
AMBROSE HARNAGE WIFE 5 children
occupation was FARMER (this would have been his ½ Cherokee
wife
Nancy "Nannie" Sanders & their 5 children.)
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Fact 7--Ambrose had 20 Black slaves--June 1 1832 # 203 AMBROSE HARNAGE-
Residence Long Swamp--
1 white 4 Reds 20 Blacks
Total 25
June 1 1832 #204 JOHN HARNAGE--Residence Long Swamp-- 1 Red Total 1
(this must have been Ambrose's son)
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Fact 8--Residence of AMBROSE HARNAGE.
A white, HARNAGE lived in the Cherokee Nation In GA because his wife
was NANNIE SANDERS. She was the
daughter of Michael Mitchell Sanders & his wife Susannah, a Cherokee
of the Bird Clan from Talking Rock. His house
was a story and half log and frame dwelling and tavern. The FIRST
COURT IN CHEROKEE COUNTY was held in this
large building in Dec. 1832.
Book "HISTORY OF CHEROKEE INDIANS" by Emmet Starr page 11 is a picture
of the "First Court Houses" in
Cherokee County-- Lot 147: Indian improvements, 40 acres,
60 acres, Tan yard stables, etc. Samuel Tate purchased
this property in 1834. Later the HARNAGE TAVERN burned and a
new house occupied the site. Colonel Sam Tate
tore this one down & replaced it with the beautiful Pink Marble
Mansion. The old place received the name
HARNAGEVILLE due to being a post office. Later the post office
was named Tate.
Book--INDIANS OF PICKENS COUNTY by Robert Scott Davis, Jr.--At Tate,
mixed blood families operated 2 taverns.
On the East side of Long Swamp Creek was the tavern of James Daniels.
On the west side of the creek, where the Pink
Marble Mansion now stands, was the tavern of AMBROSE HARNAGE &
his Cherokee wife, Nanny Sanders Harnage.
When the state of Georgia took over the Cherokee Lands in 1832, the
only white court held for the whole vast area of N.W.
Georgia was held in the Harnage Tavern.
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Fact 9--Ambrose Harnage was listed as wealthy white man living
in Long Swamp in Harnageville (Cherokee Co).
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Fact 10-- Ambrose Harnage lineage is questionable--
HARNAGE INFORMATION on the internet
Bev has no documentation of any of the following info except what was
put on the internet by Linda Walker, Debra Schafer
and John Rogers) Debra Schafer--tickers96@yahoo.com --- Linda
Walker (lwalker2@tampabay.rr.com--and John
Rogers--jrogers791@aol.com . They said:
AMBROSE HARNAGE'S lineage was: questionable??
Is Isaac Harnage Ambrose's father?--
1805 Georgia Land Lotteries Columbia Co. GA F285 W6 by Virginia
Wood shows AMBROSE HARNAGE (orphan of Isaac)
drew a blank for land lottery--Columbia Co. His ID# was 415--Could
this be our Ambrose Harnage?
Debra Schafer--tickers96@yahoo.com--Linda Walker --lwalker2@tampabay.rr.com
-- and John Rogers--
jrogers791@aol.com on the internet said
AMBROSE HARNAGE'S lineage was: ???
Stephen Harnage
Jacob Harnage
George Harnage--married Mary
Jacob Harnage Sr
Isaac Harnage--b. abt. 1770 Unknown died bef. 1805 Columbia Co.
GA. He married Unknown. She died bef. 1805 in
Unknown. Isaac is apparently the son of Jacob, but in 1800 is
living in Columbia Co. GA
AMBROSE HARNAGE b. abt. 1792 Columbia Co. GA d. 20 Oct 1842 Washington
Co. AR.
Thala Susag ( tjsusag@aol.com) says AMBROSE served as a tobacco inspector
in Scotland prior to his arrival in America.
His job was to report on tobacco arriving from the colonies.
His line is related to Jacob's, going back to England for
common ancestors.
(d) Bill Hamm-deceased in 2004 --says AMBROSE HARNAGE, an Englishman,
came to America in 1810 and settled
among the Cherokees in Georgia. (another source on internet says
Ambrose b. 15 July 1780 Shropshire England and his
father was Isaac Harnage. When AMBROSE & his wife Nancy moved
west to the Cherokee Nation, Indian Territory,
they settled at Sugar Hill south of Cincinnati, AR in 1839 (This
date is not right because Nancy died 11 July 1834 but
this could possibly be Ann E. Washington after she married Ambrose.
She married him before 1839) As Major Ridge
was leaving the Ambrose house on the morning of June 22, 1839,
Major Ridge was assassinated about 10 A.M.
Bill Hamm says some of his info came from "Descendants of Nancy Ward
(e) some say Ambrose was an orphan son of Isaac
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Fact 11--Dec. 3, 1837 AMBROSE HARNAGE claimed property
to settle debt Pg. 820. Decatur DeKalk County--
property of John Tombolin to be sold to give money to Ambrose Harnage
because he owed Ambrose Harnage money
This had to be after "Ambrose moved to AR.
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Fact 12 -Nancy Sanders Family-Book--Indians of Pickens County by Robert
Scott Davis, Jr. describes Nancy Sander's
brothers. The Sanders brothers: George, John & Andy lived at Talona
in now Pickens Co. George went with the chiefs
to Washington when they went to treat with the Government. On
the way back he died & was buried in Raleigh, N.C.
John was a noted "Linkester" (interpreter). The Sanders brothers
owned quite a number of slaves & were considered
rich men. Michael Mitchel Sanders, an Englishman from VA (Ronald
Jackson said English trader from Virginia) born
1745 married Susannah, a full blood Cherokee born 1752 in Talking Rock
Creek area, Coosawattee District,
Cherokee Nation. (these are Nancy Sander's parents)
Susanna was of the "Bird Clan" (Anitsiskwn).
History Of Cherokee Indians by Emmet Starr p. 621-22 says she was of
the Long Hair Clan but p. 11 of same
book says Bird Clan & so does source, Bill Hamm
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Fact 13--Ambrose Harnage sold his land in Georgia and moved with his
half Cherokee wife to Arkansas--living near
Cincinnati Arkansas on Sugar Hill (or Cane Hill) Nancy
died July 11, 1834 in Arkansas (all sources on
Ancestsry.com says she died in Newton, Arkansas;. Some say she
was born in GA; others say Crockett, TN or East TN)
(Bev's comment----can't find Newton, AR--Joe Smith--researcher--thinks
Ambrose & Nancy Sanders Harlan Harnage
could have been buried in Sebastian Co. AR but bet it was Sequoyah
Co. AR. Uniontown is near the border of OK.
Ambrose & Nancy "Nannie" Sanders Harnage were forced to leave
Georgia because the U.S. Government took
over the territory)
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Fact 14--Ann E. Bobo Ray WASHINGTON married Ambrose Harnage
at least by Jan. 1839 in Arkansas . Ann's
1st marriage was to J.C.B. WASHINGTON by 1825 when they were in Franklin,
Howard Co. MO. She had 3 sons
by Mr. Washington--Leonidas b. 1828 MO, Charles Carroll Washington
b. 1832 MO & George Washington b. 1835
in Mississippi. Ambrose & Ann Washington Harnage were
married & living in Van Buren Arkansas in Jan. 1839--not
sure when Ann's 1st husband J.C. B. Washington died but it had
to be after 1835 when their son George Washington
was born in Mississippi)
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Fact 15-- Ann E. WASHINGTON & J.C.B. WASHINGTON had 3 sons( he
had previous children by a 1st marriage)
(a) Leonidas Washington
b. 1828 in MO according to 1850 Washington Co. AR
` Census but
1860 Upshur Co. Gilmer TX Census says b. 1830?
(b) Charles Carroll
Washington b. 1832 MO
(c) George L. Washington
b. 1835 in Mississippi
More about the Washington
Children in AR History
Joe Smith, a researcher said J.C.B. Washington, Ambrose Harnage &
maybe even Nancy Sanders Harnage could be
buried in Sebastian AR but more likely Sequoyah Co. OK. Uniontown is
close to the border of OK.
Need to check all this out.
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EARLY CHEROKEE COUNTY HISTORY --Book-- "GLIMPSES OF CHEROKEE COUNTY"
published by
Cherokee County Historical Society in Dec. 1981--info from internet
at www.rootsweb.com/~gacherok/h_cher.htm
The land later known as Cherokee County was long as island inhabited
by Indians surrounded by whites. To the west lay
developing Alabama, to the north Tennessee whose white settlement began
before the Revolution, to the east the Carolinas
and to the south across the Chattahoochee was Georgia. As early
as 1750, paths of traders from Charleston and Augusta
on the east and from Fort Troulouse near Wetumpka, Alabama on the west
criss-crossed the land. During the Revolution
British-led Indians fought American-led Indians --a site where the
Cherokees had a pony race track. The white man began
moving into Northwest Georgia early in the 1800's; but by 1825 there
were still only 220 white men, women and children
living among the 13,000 Indians and their 1277 slaves. This part
of North Georgia along with the extreme northeastern
section of Alabama, southeastern Tennessee, and southwestern North
Carolina was the ancestral homeland of the
Cherokees, and was known as the Cherokee Nation. The Cherokees
considered themselves a sovereign nation and
declared their nation completely beyond the control of the State of
Georgia or the United States governments. In 1827 the
Cherokee Nation agreed upon and adopted a written constitution and
a code of laws in which they denied the jurisdiction
of the state over the land, and proclaimed themselves to be on the
distinct, autonomous nations of the world. They also
adopted a law which prohibited any person from living in the Cherokee
nation without first having obtained a permit
from them. This proved to be a very serious mistake and chilled
relations with the State Federal Governments, and
eventually led to their forced moved to the Western Territory.
But before the removal and in an effort to maintain
control over the Indian Territory, the Georgia legislature in 1827
passed an Act "extending the State's authority
over the Cherokee Territory and placing it under the jurisdiction of
the court of Carroll & DeKalb Counties."
Interestingly enough this legislation did not annex the Cherokee Nation
to Carroll & DeKalb counties but only
extended their legal jurisdiction over the Cherokee Nation. This
was done, no doubt, in direct response to the
declaration of sovereignty by the Cherokees and as a means of controlling
the territory and affording protection to
lives and property. The next year, 1828, the legislature did
add the Cherokee Nation to the counties of Carroll,
DeKalb, Gwinnett, Hall, and Habersham and this curious and unclear
legal existence continued for 3 years. The
discovery of gold in the territory brought hordes of people and it
soon became apparent that a legal survey &
lottery of the lands was imperative. At the time the residents
of the territory, Indian and settler alike, found
themselves in a precarious legal predicament. The Indians claimed
ownership of the land; the State had annexed
the Indian land' the United States laws forbade anyone setting or trading
on Indian Territory without a proper
license from the U.S. government, the State of Georgia had extended
its jurisdiction, legally or not, over all the
Cherokee land applying them as of June 1, 1830, to Indians as well
as settlers. The Cherokee laws provided
that no one could settle or trade on their land without a permit from
their officials. This uncertain state of affairs
continued until 1832 when the first lottery was held. But by
this time one thing had become certain; like the
Creek Nation before them, the Cherokee Nation would soon become politically
overpowered by the State
and Federal governments and these proud people would be moved away
to make room for the settlers who
came in increasing numbers in search of gold. In Dec. 1831 the
legislature passed an Act creating "Cherokee
County" describing the boundary as being "all the territory lying west
of the Chattahoochee River and North
of Carroll County--to be called Cherokee". This new county comprised
6,900 square miles, an area almost
6 times the size of the State of Rhode Island and containing all the
Cherokee Indians occupied land remaining
in Georgia. The bill also provided that on the 1st Monday in Feb. 1832
all persons entitled to vote were to
assemble at the house of AMBROSE HARNAGE to elect 5 justices of the
Inferior Court, a Clerk of the
Superior Court, a Clerk of the Inferior Court, Sheriff, Coroner, Tax
Receiver, Tax Collector, and a County
Surveyor. This legislation also provided for division of the
county into Captain's districts, erection of public
buildings, authorized the Justices of the Inferior Court to select
grand and petit jurors and fixed the time for
holding Superior Court and Inferior Court. It was provided that
the new county would become a part of the
Western Judicial Circuit and a part of the 1st brigade, 7th Division
of the Georgia Militia. In Dec. 1832
Senate Bill 23 divided Cherokee into 10 smaller counties. It
placed all 10 counties in the Cherokee Judicial Circuit.
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THE FOLLOWING BOOKS ARE ABOUT CHEROKEE INDIANS & AMBROSE HARNAGE
IN GEORGIA
1.. Whites Among The Cherokees Call # E99 KC5 W37
2. Bell, George Morrison; Genealogy of Old & New Cherokee
Indian Families--Family Group
No. H- 275 ( I didn't see this reference. It was given by Debra
Schafer
(tickers96@yahoo.com) over the internet
3. Home Hearth Vol. 1 "First Court House in Cherokee Co. Lot
147 ( I didn't see this
reference.
It was given by Debra Schafer over the internet
4 Davis, Robert Scott Jr.; Indians Of Pickens County
5. Starr, Emmet; History Of Cherokee Indians
6. Cherokee County Historical Society in Dec. 1981Glimpses Of
Cherokee County --info
from internet
at www.rootsweb.com/~gacherok/h_cher.htm
7. Wright, Jerry Jordan; Cherokee By Blood (9 volumes)--haven't
seen these volumes
but they were listed--not sure what info they contain.
8. Cherokee Heritage Center --Doesn't know where Ambrose Harnage
is buried but they do
know he died 20 Oct 1842.
9. Baker, Jack; Cherokee Emigration Rolls 1817-1835 (pertains
to Georgia but book was
at Guilford Co. Library Greensboro N.C. Call # NC 929.3 AA67
B16