Miller County was establised in Arkansas Territory on April 1, 1820. However, due to a misunderstanding of the boundry between the United States and Spanish Mexico, much of Miller County was actually inside Texas. The 1820 US Census for Miller County, now lost, was taken in the northeast corner of Spanish Texas. Because of the establisment of Indian Territory in 1828, all the white settlers in southeast corner of present day Oklahoma were forced to leave. Many resettled in the area south of the Red River. The 1830 Miller County Census was taken entirely inside Mexican Texas. With the establishmet of the Republic of Texas, the boundry line was better understood, and Miller County ceased to exist in 1836.

In 1874 the present day Miller County was established having been part of Lafayette County since its creation in 1827.*

*"Map Guide to the U.S. Federal Censuses, 1790-1920", William Thorndale and Willaim Dollarhide, Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, 1997

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